概括：这道题是陈炊灸同学的课后英语练习题，主要是关于初中英语从句，指导老师为蓝老师。关系词是在英语中引导定语从句的词。它分为关系副词和关系代词。关系词作为英语语法的一个重要组成部分，在英语教育中有很重要的位置。一般中国的学校在初中会教授关系词的知识。 本文来自织梦
题目：初中英语从句
解：从句 织梦内容管理系统
1、主语从句
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引导词有：that,what,whether,when,wherever,who 等,主语从句的谓语动词必须用单数.
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举例： 织梦内容管理系统
1) That he will fall the exam is certain. 内容来自dedecms
2) What she said is true.
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3) It doesn't matter when she leaves. copyright dedecms
4) Whoever is tired may rest.
2、表语从句
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一般位于系动词之后. 内容来自dedecms
举例：
The question is that I also like her.
3、宾语从句
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句型：主句 + 连词 + 宾语从句
内容来自dedecms
连接宾语从句的词有：that,if,whether,who,whose,what,which,where,when,why,how,whoever,whomever,whenever,wherever 等》
举例： dedecms.com
1) He said that he was the first to clamb to the top of the mountain.
2) I wonder if / whether you could lend me tour bike.
3) Parents shouldn't give their children whatever they want.
织梦好，好织梦
4) She doesn't know who will come.
5) He asked if / whether she had an apartment in the city.
6) Who do you think they will travel with?
4、状语从句
（1）时间状语从句
引导时间状语从句的连词有：when,whenever,as,while,before,after,until,till,since,ever,as soon asimmediately,directly,hardly,hardly ...when 等.
举例： 织梦内容管理系统
1) When I was in Shanghai,I met her.
2) Please wait until you are called. copyright dedecms
（2）地点状语从句 织梦好，好织梦
常由 where 何 wherever 引导.
举例： 本文来自织梦
He lives where the street crosses the river. 本文来自织梦
（3）原因状语从句 本文来自织梦
常由 as,because,since,now that,seeing that 等引导,其中语气最强烈的就是 because.
举例：
He has to leave off because he is seriously ill. dedecms.com
（4）条件状语从句 copyright dedecms
常由 if,unless,as long as,so long as 等引导.
举例： 内容来自dedecms
If you can correct your faults,your work is good. 织梦内容管理系统
（5）目的状语从句
常由 so that,in order to 等引导.
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举例： 本文来自织梦
Speak loudly so that every one may hear you clearly. dedecms.com
（6）比较状语从句 copyright dedecms
常由 than,as,as ...as 等引导.
举例： 织梦好，好织梦
I have got as much money as I need. 织梦好，好织梦
（7）让步状语从句
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常由 though / although,even though,as,if,even if 和 wh- + -ever 复合词引导. 内容来自dedecms
举例： 织梦内容管理系统
Although I tried my best to learn English,I haven't passed the exam. dedecms.com
（8）方式状语从句 织梦内容管理系统
常由 as,as if,as though,how 等引导.
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举例：
She looks as if she is still young. copyright dedecms
（9）结果状语从句
常由 that,so / such that 等引导. dedecms.com
举例：
She is such a good teacher that all the students love and respect her.
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5、定语从句 copyright dedecms
结构： 织梦好，好织梦
.先行词（被修饰的名词或代词） + 关系代词 / 关系副词 + .
一般来说,修饰人用 who,whom,whose,that；修饰物用 that / which. 本文来自织梦
举例： 织梦内容管理系统
1) The road which through our school is very wide.
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2) This is the school where my brother studies
3) Is there anything that you don't understand?. 本文来自织梦
举一反三
例1： 推荐一本初中英语全部知识点总结不要查单词的词典,要初四复习用的
思路提示：
蓝卡英语 所有初中语法讲解的很详细 内容来自dedecms
例2： 初中英语各种从句各种从句的定义和用法,每一个用法在举几个例子,[英语练习题]
思路提示：
一．主语从句 dedecms.com
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾. 本文来自织梦
1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
It 作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词没有变化.而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that.被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom.例如： 内容来自dedecms
It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.
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It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.
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It is in the morning that the murder took place. 内容来自dedecms
It is John that broke the window.
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2. 用it 作形式主语的结构
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(1) It is ＋名词＋从句 内容来自dedecms
It is a fact that … 事实是…
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It is an honor that …非常荣幸 织梦内容管理系统
It is common knowledge that …是常识
(2) it is ＋形容词＋从句
织梦好，好织梦
It is natural that… 很自然… dedecms.com
It is strange that… 奇怪的是… 织梦内容管理系统
(3) it is ＋不及物动词＋从句 本文来自织梦
It seems that… 似乎… 织梦好，好织梦
It happened that… 碰巧…
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(4) it ＋过去分词＋从句
It is reported that… 据报道… copyright dedecms
It has been proved that… 已证实…
3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况 织梦内容管理系统
(1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首.
(2) It is said , (reported) …结构中的主语从句不可提前.例如： 织梦内容管理系统
It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (right)
织梦好，好织梦
That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (wrong)
织梦好，好织梦
(3) It happens…, It occurs… 结构中的主语从句不可提前.例如： copyright dedecms
It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. (right) 本文来自织梦
That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (wrong) 内容来自dedecms
(4) It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前.例如：
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It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. (right) 织梦内容管理系统
Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. (wrong) 本文来自织梦
(5) 含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时,主语从句不可提前.例如： 织梦内容管理系统
Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? (right)
Is that will rain in the evening likely? (wrong) 内容来自dedecms
4. What 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 copyright dedecms
What 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语．宾语．表语,而that 则不然.例如： copyright dedecms
1) What you said yesterday is right. dedecms.com
2) That she is still alive is a consolation.
二．宾语从句 内容来自dedecms
宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句,通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后. 织梦内容管理系统
1. 作动词的宾语 dedecms.com
(1) 由that引导的宾语从句（that 通常可以省略）,例如：
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I heard that be joined the army. copyright dedecms
(2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句,例如： 内容来自dedecms
1) She did not know what had happened. 本文来自织梦
2) I wonder whether you can change this note for me. copyright dedecms
(3) 动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句.例如： 织梦内容管理系统
She told me that she would accept my invitation. dedecms.com
2. 作介词的宾语 内容来自dedecms
例如：Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. copyright dedecms
3. 作形容词的宾语
例如：I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake. 本文来自织梦
That 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语： 内容来自dedecms
nxious, aware, certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried, sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied, content 等.也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句.
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4. It 可以作为形式宾语
It 不仅可以作为形式主语,还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾,特别是在带复合宾语的句子中. 例如：
织梦好，好织梦
We heard it that she would get married next month..
本文来自织梦
5. 后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词
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这类动词有Allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate, dislike, love, help, take, forgive等.这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语,但不可以用that引导的宾语从句.例如： dedecms.com
I admire their winning the match. (right) dedecms.com
I admire that they won the match. (wrong)
6. 不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词
有些动词不可用于“动词＋间接宾语＋that从句“结构中,常见的有Envy, order, accuse, refuse, impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等.例如：
织梦内容管理系统
He impressed the manager as an honest man. (right) dedecms.com
He impressed the manager that he was an honest man. (wrong) dedecms.com
7. 否定的转移
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若主句谓语动词为Think, consider, wuppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等,其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义,一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上,从句谓语用肯定式.例如： 内容来自dedecms
I don’t think this dress fits you well.（我认为这件衣服不适合你穿.）
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三．表语从句 织梦内容管理系统
表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句,放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”.可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等.引导表语从句的that常可省略.另外,常用的还有the reason is that… 和It is because 等结构.例如： 织梦内容管理系统
1) The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time.
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2) This is why we can’t get the support of the people
3) But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes. 本文来自织梦
4) The reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus.
四．同位语从句
同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句.
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1. 同位语从句的功能 copyright dedecms
同位语从句对于名词进一步解释,说明名词的具体内容,一般由that引导,例如： dedecms.com
1) The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people. 内容来自dedecms
2) The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.
2. 同位语在句子中的位置 dedecms.com
同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面,而是被别的词隔开.例如： 织梦好，好织梦
He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off. 织梦好，好织梦
五定语从句
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定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种. dedecms.com
一、 限定性定语从句
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1. that即可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语则不能省略.而且,如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边,但有的则放在它原来的位置
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2. which作宾语时,根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系,先行词与which之间的介词不能丢 织梦内容管理系统
3. 代表物时多用which,但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which,这些词包括all, anything, much等,这时的that常被省略
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4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人,分别作从句中的主语和宾语,whom作宾语时,要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语
5. where是关系副词,用来表示地点的定语从句
6. when引导定语从句表示时间 本文来自织梦
〔注〕值得一提的是,表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导,有时不用任何关系代词,当然也不用that引导
By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks. copyright dedecms
I still remember the first time I met her. copyright dedecms
Each time he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.
内容来自dedecms
7. whose是关系代词,修饰名词作定语,相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格
织梦好，好织梦
8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时,常用there is来引导
织梦好，好织梦
二、非限定性定语从句：非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明,通常和主句间用逗号隔开,将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立 本文来自织梦
1. which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分
2. 在引导限定性定语从句时,that有时相当于in which, at which, for which或at which 织梦好，好织梦
Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed. 人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变,这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处. 织梦好，好织梦
I like the music for the very reason that(for which) he dislike it. 我出于某种原因喜欢这种音乐,而他恰恰与我相反. 织梦好，好织梦
We arrived the day that(on which) they left. 刚好我们到的那天他们走了.
3. 有时as也可用作关系代词
4. 在非限定性定语从句中,不能用that,而用who, whom代表人,用which代表事物.
一.定语从句及相关术语
本文来自织梦
1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面.
2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词
本文来自织梦
关系词有关系代词和关系副词.关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等.
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关系词常有3个作用：1,引导定语从句.2,代替先行词.3,在定语从句中担当一个成分. 内容来自dedecms
二.关系代词引导的定语从句
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1.who指人,在从句中做主语 织梦内容管理系统
(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 内容来自dedecms
2. whom指人,在定语从句中充当宾语,常可省略.
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.
注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替,可省略.
(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.
3. which指物,在定语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略 本文来自织梦
(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 织梦内容管理系统
(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 织梦内容管理系统
4. that指人时,相当于who或者whom；指物时,相当于which.在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语,做宾语时可省略. 织梦内容管理系统
(5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.
(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? 织梦内容管理系统
5. whose通常指人,也可指物,在定语从句中做定语 copyright dedecms
(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
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(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. 织梦内容管理系统
whose指物时,常用以下结构来代替
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(3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
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(4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
织梦好，好织梦
(5) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?
(6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?
三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 本文来自织梦
关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时,从句常由介词+关系代词引导 织梦好，好织梦
(1) The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous.
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(2) The school in which he once studied is very famous.
(3) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for. 织梦好，好织梦
注意：1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用,如：look for, look after, take care of等 dedecms.com
(1) This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (T)
(2) This is the watch for which I am looking. (F)
内容来自dedecms
2. 若介词放在关系代词前,关系代词指人时用whom,不可用who或者that；指物时用which,不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose
织梦内容管理系统
(1) The man with whom you talked is my friend. (T)
(2) The man who/that you talked with is my friend. (F) 内容来自dedecms
(3) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (T) 织梦内容管理系统
(4) The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable. (F)
3. “介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词 copyright dedecms
(1) He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.
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(2) In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad. 内容来自dedecms
(3) There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.
四．关系副词引导的定语从句
1. when指时间,在定语从句中做时间状语
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(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
2. where指地点,在定语从句中做地点状语
(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.
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3. why指原因,在定语从句中做原因状语
内容来自dedecms
(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换
dedecms.com
(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear, 内容来自dedecms
(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up. copyright dedecms
五．限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 本文来自织梦
形式上 不用逗号和主句隔开 用逗号和主句隔开
意义上 是先行词不可缺少的定语,不能删除 是对先行词的补充说明,删除后意思仍完整
译法上 翻译成先行词的定语,“…的…” 通常翻译成主句的并列句 织梦好，好织梦
关系词的使用上 A．做宾语时可省略 B.可用that
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C．可用who代替whom A．不可省 B.不用that
织梦好，好织梦
C.不用who代替whom dedecms.com
限制性定语从句举例： 织梦内容管理系统
(1) The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on. copyright dedecms
非限制性定语从句举例： 本文来自织梦
(1) His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. 织梦好，好织梦
要注意区分以下几个句子的不同 织梦好，好织梦
(1) His brother who is now a doctor always encourages him to go to college. 织梦内容管理系统
他那当医生的哥哥常鼓励他要考上大学.（他还有其他的哥哥） 本文来自织梦
例3： 【初中英语知识点总结】[语文练习题]
思路提示：
英语： 本文来自织梦
一、严肃对待课本规定的内部实质意义,大略掌握基本的语法知识、单词. 内容来自dedecms
二、课下完成作业后,挑选一套英语灌音带来听,它应当是让你在随心中就能轻松听下去的灌音带,它不会给你增加太大的压力,但却能让你把课本上学过的句子、单词、语法获得迅速而管用的温习和强化.就是迅速学习法中的“储存、记忆、拿获”三过程中的关键过程：拿获. dedecms.com
三、在完成了“学好课本”的目标以后,要有“先人一步、捷足先登”的思想,就是挑选一条适应于你自个儿的学英语的近路、譬如利用做完课业闭目养神的歇息时间训练听说,在没察觉中便会说众多地道的英语句子.一年后你忽然发觉你已远远走在其他同学前面了.
四、为了对付考试,你要常常多做几套试题.你会认识到,你会说的那一些句子能非常管用地帮你应对五花八门的考试题. copyright dedecms
五、务必具备自觉实践的认识,捕获一切机缘多听多说,在实践中不断修正不正确,并坚持不懈,水准能力增长. 织梦内容管理系统
六、额外多看课外读物也不失是为一种好办法.
总之,是个积累的过程,你了解的越多,学习就越好,所以多记忆,选择自己的方法. 内容来自dedecms
祝学习成功! 本文来自织梦
例4： 求初中英语所有知识点总结~要详细一点的!拜托~我英语学得不好笔记都没好好抄现在都后悔了[英语练习题]
思路提示：
初中英语总复习（100多页的内容,涵盖从初一到初三所有知识点绝对经典,是每个九年级英语教师必备资料）名词的数1、可数名词与不可数名词A、不可数名词,初中阶段常见的不可数名词有：water ; meat ; rice ; bread ; milk ; tea ; orange(桔汁) ; fruit ; air ; snow ; chalk; work ; paper(纸) ; time(时间); music ; weather ; grass ; news ; food ; fish(鱼肉); coke ; porridge ; cake(可数或不可数).不可数名词应注意以下几点：1)前无数、冠,后无复数；作主语为三单.2)表量用约数some /any ; much ; a lot of 或用of短语eg.There is ____ bread on the table.[C]A.a B.one C.a piece of D.many There is some_______ on the plate.[B]A.apple B.fish C.milks D.deer这是些例题 你可以到这个网站去下载 http://www.ewteacher.com/r4-article-73225.html 全部如果全部给你复制起来字数就超过限制了（限制为2000 这点非常不好 不知道TX为什么搞什么限制）
例5： 宾语从句,时间状语从句,条件状语从句怎么区别啊?怎么看哪个是主句和从句,主句和从句的时态怎么使用啊?希望说的详细一点,[英语练习题]
思路提示：
宾语从句：宾语从句在句中作宾语,一般用that引导,口语中常省略that,宾语从句多修饰动词,在say think believe know understand hope suppose后多用词语从句.宾语从句也可用在某些描写感情的词后面,如：afraid sorry glad.在宾语从句中如有that,从that开始就是从句,如果没有,一般主句是主语加动词,而另一个完整的句子就是从句.宾语从句很多使用一般现在时,表示某人的看法或见解.间接引语是用说话人自己的话转述别人的话,直接引语是一字不改的引述别人的话.如果间接引语主句是一般现在时,其后事态通常与口头陈述时态相同,主句是一般过去时,从句向后退一个时态：一般现在时变一般过去时,现在进行时边过去进行时,一般过去时变现在完成时,现在完成时变过去完成时,过去完成时不变,一般将来时变过去将来时.
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最简单的例：I feel thirsty 织梦内容管理系统
She said 'I feel thirsty'(直接引语）
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She said she felt thirsty（间接引语） 本文来自织梦
时间状语从句：由as before after when while since until till as soon as等引导,引导词后即为从句.时态多用过去时,最实用的：while后只加v-ing,when后可以加v-ing也可以加v-ed.在一个动作发生,另一个动作正在进行,发生的动作用一般过去时,进行的的动作用过去进行时. dedecms.com
例：When the teacher came in,the students were talking about the news dedecms.com
还有一种情况在过去一个动作正在发生,另一个动作已经完成,发生用一般过去时,完成用过去完成时. 本文来自织梦
例：When I came the hotel my friend had gone
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主要是翻译,再进行分析,判断两个句子先后发生顺序
条件状语从句：条件状语从句一般用if unless引导,引导词后即为从句,另一部分是主句.这是很简单的一个从句,只需记住四个字：主将从现.意思是主句用将来时,从句用现在时
例：If I am a policeman I will catch the thief
应该看懂吧, 织梦好，好织梦
相关思考练习题：
题1：初中英语从句整理
点拨：状语从句 状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。 1. 时间状语从句 (1)时...
题2：初中英语定语从句讲解
点拨：定语从句即用句子来做定语，被修饰或被限制的词称作先行词，例如 1.I don't know the girl who is talking there. 2.I don't know the girl who you met just now. 3.Give me the book that you read just now. 4.Give me the book ,which you r...
题3：初中的英语从句有哪些
点拨：初中的英语从句有哪些? 1 定语从句， 2 状语从句（地点状语从句，时间状语从句，条件状语从句，让步状语从句）， 3 名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句）。
题4：初中英语的三大从句怎么来辨别？
点拨：三大从句的区分 三大从句是：形容词性从句（即定语从句）；副词性从句（即状语从句）；和名词性从句（包括：主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）。 修饰名词或代词的从句是定语从句 He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true...
题5：英语初中的从句有哪几种 用法是什么
点拨：名词性从句（在句中充当名词的作用），它分为主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句，和同位语从句。 引导词： 词性/词形/词义/作从句中的成分 连接词/if/是否/- 连接词/that/-/- 连接代词/who(ever)/（无论）谁[主格]/- 连接代词/whom（ever）/（无论）... 转载请注明出处: http://www.10000uw.com/view-84246-1.html
